NON - TAMIL FOREIGH LITERATURE

 NON -  TAMIL  FOREIGH  LITERATURE 


Introduction

                 Non-Tamil literary sources also provide useful information

fats on Tamil societyin its infancy. Th

The inclusion of non-Tamil sources indicat

the widespread relationships and contacts of the

hinteraction of early Tamil society with the outside world.

        Some of the localities described in his Geography are Komaria and Muciri (Muziris).

                      = 1 Peutingerian table

                The Peutingerian table is a depiction of Roman roadways. It depicts the old Tamilagam region as well as the Muziris port.

Taprobane uses the term "island" to describe Sri Lanka. Muziris is the name of the Muchiri port.

                   = 2 Vienna Papyrus

              Muciri's historical trade is mentioned in the Vienna papyrus, a Greek document from the second century AD (CE). It's on display at the Papyrus Museum, which is part of the Austrian National Library in Vienna (Austria). It includes a written agreement between traders, as well as the name of a ship, the Hermapollon, and a list of items brought from India to the Roman Empire, such as pepper and ivory. Ko

Papyrus is a type of papyrus that is used to make paper.

In the past, this plant was widely utilised for writing purposes

Egypt in the past.

                         = 3 Arthasastra

                 Pandya kavataka is mentioned in Arthasastra, Kautilya's famous work on economy and statecraft written during the Mauryan period. It could refer to the Pandyan country's pearls and shells.

                      =  4. Mahavamsa

           Merchants and horse traders from Tamil Nadu and South India are mentioned in the Mahavamsa, the Sri Lankan Buddhist chronicle written in the Pali language.

Chronicle is a narrative literature that tells the storey of significant historical events in chronological sequence.

                        =  5  Periplus of Erythrean Sea

                   Periplus of the Erythrean Sea is an unknown author ancient Greek book. The term Periplus refers to a sailor's navigational aid. The waters around the Red Sea are known as the Erythrean Sea. It mentions the Cheras and Pandyas, as well as the Sangam Age ports of Muciri, Thondi, Korkai, and Kumari.

                      =  6. Pliny’s Natural History

                Pliny the Elder was a Roman naturalist and author. It is a Latin-language treatise about the Roman Empire's natural abundance.

Pliny discusses the spice trade with India. If the south west monsoon wind was favourable, he claims it took 40 days to reach India from Ocealis, near North East Africa.

He also claims that the Madurai Pandyas ruled over the port of Bacare on the Kerala coast. Bacare's current name remains a mystery. Pliny bemoans the loss of Roman prosperity as a result of Rome's pepper trade with India, indicating the massive volume of pepper traded.

                     =. 7  Ptolemy’s Geography

              Ptolemy's Geography is a gazetteer and atlas from the second century AD that provides geographical facts of the Roman Empire (CE). Kanniyakumari, Kaveripoompattinam (Khaberis Emporium), Korkai (Kolkoi), Kaveripoompattinam (Khaberis Emporium), Kaveripoompattinam (Khaberis Emporium), (Komaria), and Muciri (Muziris) are some of 

the places mentioned in his Geography.

     


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